Dam Removal

Dams are used to block and harness rivers for a variety of purposes, including hydropower, irrigation, navigation, flood control, and water storage. There are approximately 75,000 dams greater than 6 feet along the waterways of the United States, and, according to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, there are at least tens of thousands of smaller dams plugging rivers across the country.

For most of the past century, it was widely believed that the adverse consequences of damming and engineering rivers were minimal. Only within the past few decades has it become clear that the damage associated with the building of a single dam can extend the entire length of a river and beyond -- affecting the surrounding forests and watershed -- damaging the nearby estuaries, beaches, and ocean, and adversely affecting biodiversity on a regional basis.

Former Secretary of the Interior, Bruce Babbitt said, "The public is now learning that we have paid a steadily accumulating price for these projects in the form of: fish spawning runs destroyed, downstream rivers altered by changes in temperature, unnatural nutrient load and seasonal flows, wedges of sediment piling up behind structures, and delta wetlands degraded by lack of fresh water and saltwater intrusion. Rivers are always on the move and their inhabitants know no boundaries; salmon and shad do not read maps, only streams."

Although dam removal only recently became viewed as a reasonable river restoration tool, there are already numerous dam removal success stories. At least 465 dams have been removed from our nation's waterways - and at least 100 more are either committed for removal or under active consideration for removal.

By continuing the trend to remove dams that do not make sense, we can begin to restore both the economic and ecological benefits associated with free flowing rivers.

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